Glossary terms - O

Obesity

Having a Body Mass Index of over 35 kg/m2 as calculated on the British Dietetic scale (see www.bdaweightwise.com) or being more than 20 per cent over recommended weight. Predisposes to heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes and sleep apnoea.

Occupational therapist (OT)

A therapist who specialises in helping people to reach their maximum level of function and independence in all aspects of daily life.

Oedema

Swelling due to excessive accumulation of fluid in the body tissues.

Ombudsman

Someone who investigates complaints.

Onset seizures

Seizures which happen on the day of a stroke.

Ophthalmologist

A registered doctor who specialises in the investigation and treatment of eye conditions, and may also with their consent certify that a person is eligible to be registered as blind or partially sighted. The ophthalmologist would in this case sign a Certificate of Visual Impairment (CVI) and send it to the person's local social services department on their behalf.

Orthosis

An external appliance, such as a splint or brace, that prevents or assists movement.